The places of grammatical inflection are ten;

So memorize them sincerely, and you will attain your goal.

They are: a singular noun, and a broken plural,

And the sound feminine plural, which ends with –āt.

And there is a noun that is prevented from declension,

For nine reasons—you will come to know them.

After that comes the sound (regular) imperfect verb,

And there is also that whose ending is weak.

So the vowel markings are estimated on the alif

Out of impossibility—they never appear at all.

And on the wāw and the yāʾ at the end,

Anything other than the fatḥah is omitted due to heaviness.

And jussive mood, in all of these, causes

The final letter to be dropped—and it is a weak letter.

And inflection by letters occurs in four cases;

They replace vowel-movements in the rest.

The dual suffices us from every conjunction,

For it is governed in the genitive and accusative by the yāʾ.

The alif is its sign in the nominative case,

And after it comes the sound masculine plural.

It is raised by the wāw, and otherwise by the yāʾ,

But they differ in that a kasrah precedes it.

And indeed the nūn in these two is a substitute

For tanwīn; it falls when the word is in construct (iḍāfah).

Then come the five verbs and the five nouns:

The former are inflected by the nūn in all cases—

Either by its deletion or its retention—so know this:

abūhu (his father), akhūhu (his brother), ḥamūhu (his father-in-law), dhū māl (possessor of wealth).

And the fifth is fūhu (his mouth), not famuhu;

It is raised with the wāw, while the alif

Marks the accusative, and the yāʾ the genitive—

On the condition of singularity and construct state, as they have stated;

And that it not be attached to the first-person yāʾ,

Nor be diminutive at all.

If you know these with the knowledge of one well-versed,

You will surely know the foundations of the religion:

The speech of Allah and the chosen of His creation—

How excellent a goal and how great a blessing!

Its verses are confined to twenty lines;

O Allah, gladden thereby the eyes of our Prophet.